Citation Manual

Last update: July 26, 2000. Adopted: July 30, 1998.
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Table of Contents

Introductory Note I. Format and Style A. Font B. Typefaces
	Case names Introductory signals Explanatory phrases introducing prior or subsequent case history Book titles Legislative history Words and phrases introducing related authority Cross-references Emphasis/Foreign words Everything else
C. Long Quotations D. Paragraph Structure E. Alterations in Quotations F. Omissions
	Use of quoted language as a phrase or clause Use of quoted language as a full sentence Quotation of material containing paragraph numbering
II. Case Citation Form A. Full Citation Form
	Generally Public domain/medium neutral citations Parallel citations Parallel United States Supreme Court citations
B. Short Citation Forms
	"Supra," "Infra," and "Hereinafter" "Id." Special short form--Where full form or full short form is in same paragraph
C. General Citation Rules
	Order of authorities Case names--Abbreviations Case names--Geographical terms Case names--Business firm designations Footnotes Multiple pages, footnotes, sections, and paragraphs "Cert. denied" Subsequent history Court abbreviations Ordinals
D. Signals
	Signals indicating support Signal suggesting a useful comparison Signals indicating contradiction Signal indicating background material Combining a signal with "e.g.," Signals used as verbs
E. Parenthetical Explanations III. Other North Dakota and Miscellaneous Citation Forms [General] A. North Dakota Century Code
	Text sentences North Dakota Revised Code
B. Laws of North Dakota C. North Dakota Administrative Code D. North Dakota Constitution E. Court Rules
	North Dakota Rules of Appellate Procedure North Dakota Rules of Civil Procedure North Dakota Rules of Criminal Procedure North Dakota Rules of Evidence North Dakota Rules of Court Rule on Procedural Rules, Administrative Rules, and Administrative Orders of the North Dakota Supreme Court North Dakota Rule on Local Court Procedural Rules and Administrative Rules North Dakota Supreme Court Administrative Rules and Administrative Orders Local Court Procedural and Administrative Rules North Dakota Code of Judicial Conduct Rules of the Judicial Conduct Commission North Dakota Rules of Professional Conduct North Dakota Standards for Imposing Lawyer Sanctions North Dakota Rules for Lawyer Discipline North Dakota Rules for Continuing Legal Education Admission to Practice Rules Rule on Limited Practice of Law by Law Students
F. Statutory, Rule, and Constitutional History
	North Dakota Legislative History Interim Committee Minutes Miscellaneous Rules Committee Minutes North Dakota Constitutional Convention History United States Congressional History
G. Books
	"Supra" and "Id."
H. Shorter works in collection I. Consecutively paginated journals J. Non-consecutively paginated journals K. Newspapers L. Internet Sources Appendix A: List of Rules Requiring Amendment Appendix B: Creation of Court Citation Committee Appendix C: General Opinion Format A. Font B. Line spacing C. Margins D. Justification E. Page Numbering F. Disposition G. Attorneys' names H. Authoring justice's name I. Page headers J. Paragraph numbering K. Footnotes L. Indication of New Justice or Disqualification, Retirement, or Death of Justice
	Language when case is heard with 4 and a new Justice comes to the bench subsequent to oral argument Language when a Justice disqualifies subsequent to oral argument Language when a Justice resigns, retires or dies subsequent to oral argument